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Baskerville all lived in the city at that time and greatly contributed to the technological progress
of Birmingham and the country. Boulton’s Soho Manufactory, which developed the steam engine
for industrial use, became famous throughout Europe.
[10/15, 22:27] SKILL INDIA: Thomas Cruise Mapother IV (born July 3, 1962) is an American
actor, producer and pilot. One of the world’s highest-paid actors,he has received various
accolades, including an Honorary Palme d’Or and three Golden Globe Awards, in addition to
nominations for four Academy Awards. His films have grossed over $4 billion in North America
and over $11.5 billion worldwide,making him one of the highest-grossing box-office stars of all
time.Cruise began acting in the early 1980s and made his breakthrough with leading roles in the
comedy film Risky Business (1983) and action film Top Gun (1986). Critical acclaim came with
his roles in the dramas The Color of Money (1986), Rain Man (1988), and Born on the Fourth of
July (1989). For his portrayal of Ron Kovic in the latter, he won a Golden Globe Award and
received a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Actor. As a leading Hollywood star in the
1990s, he starred in several commercially successful films, including the drama A Few Good
Men (1992), the thriller The Firm (1993), the horror film Interview with the Vampire (1994), and
the romance Jerry Maguire (1996). For the latter, he won a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor
and received his second Academy Award nomination. Cruise’s performance as a motivational
speaker in the drama Magnolia (1999) earned him another Golden Globe Award and a
nomination for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor.
Since then, Cruise has largely starred in science fiction and action films, establishing himself as
an action star, often performing his own risky stunts. He has played Ethan Hunt in the Mission:
Impossible film series since 1996. His other notable roles in the genre include Vanilla Sky
(2001), Minority Report (2002), The Last Samurai (2003), Collateral (2004), War of the Worlds
(2005), Knight and Day (2010), Jack Reacher (2012), Oblivion (2013), Edge of Tomorrow
(2014), and Top Gun: Maverick (2022), with Maverick being his highest-grossing film.
Cruise has been married to actresses Mimi Rogers, Nicole Kidman, and Katie Holmes. He has
three children, two of whom were adopted during his marriage to Kidman and the other of whom
is a biological daughter he had with Holmes. Cruise is an outspoken advocate for the Church of
Scientology, which he credits with helping him overcome dyslexia. In the 2000s, he sparked
controversy with his criticisms of psychiatry and anti-depressant drugs, his efforts to promote
Scientology in Europe, and a leaked video interview of him promoting Scientology. Cruise has
been a close friend of Church of Scientology leader David Miscavige since the 1980s.Cruise’s
next films were Days of Thunder (1990) and Far and Away (1992), both of which co-starred
then-wife Nicole Kidman as his love interest, followed by the legal thriller The Firm, which was a
critical and commercial success. In 1994, Cruise starred along with Brad Pitt, Antonio Banderas
and Christian Slater in Neil Jordan’s Interview with the Vampire, a gothic drama/horror film that
was based on Anne Rice’s best-selling novel. The film was well-received, although Rice was
initially quite outspoken in her criticism of Cruise having been cast in the film, as Julian Sands
was her first choice. Upon seeing the film, however, she paid $7,740 for a two-page ad in Daily
Variety praising his performance and apologizing for her previous doubts about him.Cruise, who
took up acting in high school, made his film debut in Endless Love (1981). He had supporting
roles in such movies as Taps (1981) and The Outsiders (1983) before starring as a high-school
senior who turns his parents’ home into a brothel in Risky Business (1983). The movie was a
major success, earning Cruise widespread recognition. His star status was cemented with Top
Gun (1986), the highest-grossing film of that year, in which he played a navy jet pilot. In 1986
Cruise appeared opposite Paul Newman in The Color of Money, which was directed by Martin
Scorsese, and two years later starred as an autistic man’s selfish brother in Rain Man. For his
portrayal of a Vietnam War veteran turned activist in Born on the Fourth of July (1989), Cruise
received his first Academy Award nomination.Cruise went on to exhibit a broad depth and range
of characters in his films during the 1990s, playing such diverse roles as a navy lawyer in A Few
Good Men (1992), a vampire in Interview with the Vampire (1994), and a secret agent in
Mission: Impossible (1996); the immense popularity of the latter film led to sequels in 2000,
2006, 2011, 2015, 2018, and 2023. His performance as a sports agent in Jerry Maguire (1996)
earned Cruise a second Oscar nomination. In 1999 he starred with his then-wife, Nicole
Kidman, in the highly anticipated final film of director Stanley Kubrick, Eyes Wide Shut (1999),
an examination of marital fidelity that drew mixed reviews. That year Cruise also earned acclaim
as a misogynistic self-help guru in Magnolia, for which he received an Academy Award
nomination for best supporting actor.Cruise starred in a number of action films in the 2000s,
including the science-fiction thriller Minority Report (2002), directed by Steven Spielberg; The
Last Samurai (2003), in which he played a disaffected U.S. soldier who aligns himself with a
samurai community; and the gritty Los Angeles-set Collateral (2004), in which he took on the
role of an obdurate contract killer. He reteamed with Spielberg on War of the Worlds (2005), a
visually impressive adaptation of the H.G. Wells novel of the same name. In 2008 Cruise earned
laughs as an abrasive movie executive in the comedy Tropic Thunder, and he portrayed the
historical figure Col. Claus von Stauffenberg, a German army officer who organized an attempt
to assassinate Adolf Hitler, in Valkyrie.
Cruise subsequently starred in the action thrillers Knight and Day (2010) and Jack Reacher
(2012). In the latter he played a former army investigator, a role he reprised in Jack Reacher:
Never Go Back (2016). After appearing as a 1980s rock idol in the musical Rock of Ages
(2012), he was cast as an apocalypse survivor in the sci-fi adventure Oblivion (2013). He then
portrayed a glib military public relations officer who is repeatedly killed and resurrected in the
comic alien-invasion romp Edge of Tomorrow (2014). In 2017 Cruise starred in the action-horror
film The Mummy and the antic drama American Made. For Top Gun: Maverick (2022), he
reprised his role from the 1986 blockbuster.
Cruise’s personal life often attracted as much attention as his acting. His marriage to Kidman
was followed closely by the Hollywood media, as was their divorce in 2001. Over the next few
years, his outspoken support of Scientology proved controversial, especially his 2005 public
denouncement of psychiatry as an illegitimate science (a view held by Scientologists). Cruise
continued to find attention in tabloids and entertainment media through his public relationship
with actress Katie Holmes, to whom he was married from 2006 to 2012.In 1976, if you had told
fourteen-year-old Franciscan seminary student Thomas Cruise Mapother IV that one day in the
not too distant future he would be Tom Cruise, one of the top 100 movie stars of all time, he
would have probably grinned and told you that his ambition was to join the priesthood.
Nonetheless, this sensitive, deeply religious youngster who was born in 1962 in Syracuse, New